Definition of the system temperature

 

Various sources contribute to the incoming power, a measure of which is the so-called "system temperature".


 

 

where the different noise contributions originate from:


 

= 3 K microwave and galactic background
= Atmospheric emission
= Ground radiation scattering into the feed
= Losses in the feed and input waveguide
= Injected calibration signal
= Thermal receiver/electronics noise

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