It has been suggested that radio pulsars can be distinguished from other point-like radio sources in continuum images by their unique interstellar scintillation signatures. Using data from the ASKAP EMU survey, Ahmad et al. conducted a pilot survey of radio pulsars at high Galactic latitude regions via the variance imaging method. From approximately 59,800 compact radio sources detected in a ∼480 square degree survey area, they identified 20 highly variable sources. Of these, 9 are known pulsars, 1 is a known radio star, 1 is an ultra-long period source, 3 are radio star candidates, and the remaining 6 are pulsar candidates. Notably, they discovered two strongly scintillating pulsars: one with a period of 85.7 ms and a dispersion measure (DM) of 19.4 cm−3 pc, and another with a period of 5.5 ms and a DM of 29.5 cm−3 pc. In addition, a third pulsar was discovered in the variance images, with a period of 14.8 ms and a DM of 39.0 cm−3 pc. This source shows a steep radio spectrum and a high degree of circular polarisation. The image above shows a portion of an EMU radio-continuum image at 943.5 MHz. The field of view is 2×2 square degrees. The white region at the bottom-left corner lies outside the FWHM for the primary beam, which is approximately 1.5 degrees. The beam size of the radio image is 15 arcsec × 15 arcsec and shown at the bottom left corner. The colour bar is in units of Jy/beam. Right: The corresponding variance image containing the new pulsar J2223–0654 in a square box. The region of enhanced variance at the top left corner is due to the sidelobes of an out-of-beam bright source. These results underscore the strong potential of variance imaging for pulsar detection in full EMU and future radio continuum surveys planned with Square Kilometre Array (SKA).
