ASKAP 943 MHz radio continuum map of a region of the Galactic plane showing the locations of known SNRs (red), known SNR candidates (orange), new SNR candidates (white), known H II regions (cyan), and young (green stars). (From Ball et al. 2025)

Supernovae and their remnants are the mechanism by which a star’s energy and the heavy elements produced in its core are dispersed back into the interstellar medium (ISM). They play an important role in the stellar feedback cycle, as the heavy elements are recycled to form the next generation of stars. Ball et al. use data from the EMU (Evolutionary Map of the Universe) and POSSUM (Polarization Sky Survey of the Universe’s Magnetism) radio southern sky surveys, conducted with ASKAP, to compile a catalogue of Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs) and candidate SNRs. In the areas studied, there are 44 known SNRs and 46 SNR candidates that have been previously identified in the radio. The team confirm eight of these candidates as SNRs based on evidence of linear polarization or through the calculation of non-thermal spectral indices. Additionally, they identify possible radio counterparts for seven SNR candidates that were previously only identified in X-rays (four) or optical (three). They also present six new SNRs and 37 new SNR candidates. The results of this study demonstrate the utility of ASKAP for discovering new and potential SNRs and refining the classification of previously identified candidates. In particular, they find that the EMU and POSSUM surveys are particularly well suited for observing high-latitude SNRs and confirming SNR candidates with polarization. The region studied in this work represents approximately one-quarter of the Galactic plane, by longitude, that will eventually be surveyed by EMU/POSSUM and the team expect that the ongoing surveys will continue to uncover new SNRs and SNR candidates. The image above is the ASKAP 943 MHz radio continuum maps of the region of the Galactic plane between 277.5 and 295 degrees. Annotations indicate the locations of known SNRs (red), known SNR candidates (orange), new SNR candidates (white), known H II regions (cyan), and young (characteristic age ≤ 500 kyrs) pulsars (green stars).